33May you be blessed for your good judgment and for keeping me from bloodshed(AZ) this day and from avenging myself with my own hands. It was not until Hebron that he had any children Ten days later God caused him to die (v. 37-38). It is additionally possible that Ahinoam had been Sauls wife before David married her. Ahinoam, said to come from Jezreel, is King Davids wife and the mother of his eldest son, Amnon. All references to her occur with, or in close literary proximity to, Abigail (another wife of David, king of Israel, c. 1005965 B.C.E.). The wife of a rich man when she met David, Abigail possessed beauty, intelligence, political shrewdness, and material wealth that helped David at a critical moment when he could have thrown away his chance at success. December 27 2014 Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/davids-many-wives-in-bible-117324. Seven verses later in 1 Samuel 18:27, we are told that Saul gave Michal to David after he killed one hundred Philistines. Otherwise, as surely as the Lord, the God of Israel, lives, who has kept me from harming you, if you had not come quickly to meet me, not one male belonging to Nabal would have been left alive by daybreak., Then David accepted from her hand what she had brought him and said, Go home in peace. Because of the hint to David (v. 34), the mysterious cause of Nabals death, and no record of mourning her boorish husband, some scholars and modern creative renditions have read Abigail as conniving. Why should I take my bread and water, and the meat I have slaughtered for my shearers, and give it to men coming from who knows where?. When the servants of David came to Abigail at Carmel, they spoke to her, saying, David has sent us to you to take you as his wife. She arose and bowed with her face to the ground and said, Behold, your maidservant is a maid to wash the feet of my lords servants. Then Abigail quickly arose, and rode on a donkey, with her five maidens who attended her; and she followed the messengers of David and became his wife. (AM) 27And let this gift,(AN) which your servant has brought to my lord, be given to the men who follow you. These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishama, Beeliada and Eliphelet. Jewish Women's Archive. Have you ever wondered how many wives David had? David and Abigail, by Frans Pourbus the Elder, c. 1570/80, oil on canvas, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria. Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women. That is the reason they eventually married. Jewish Women says that equating Eglah with Michal was the rabbis' way of bringing David's marriages into line with the requirements of Deuteronomy 17:17, a law of Torah which mandates that the king "shall not have many wives." One of the servants told Abigail, Nabals wife, David sent messengers from the wilderness to give our master his greetings, but he hurled insults at them. Nonetheless, scripture says that at this point, "his courage failed him, and he became like a stone. Cynthia B. Astle is an award-winning journalist who covered religion for 25 years. (Viewed on May 1, 2023) . Should I then take my bread and my water, and the meat that I slaughtered for my own shearers, and give them to men [who come] from I don't know where?". (Judges 7:7). (Psalm 92:4-5). There are no other biblical passages that describe the marriage of King David and Ahinoam other than she became the mother of Davids first son (2 Samuel 3:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). This timeline also would resolve a problem created by 2 Samuel 21:8, in which Michal is said to have married Adriel and borne him five sons. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989. [1] Some Septuagint manuscripts; Hebrew Paran Since scripture describes both David and Abigail as good-looking people, it's entirely possible that some attraction pulled Abigail toward David. Learn what the Bible teaches about each of his wives. David had also taken Ahinoam of Jezreel, and they both became his wives. Overhearing the dialogue, one of the servants runs to Abigail, begging her to intervene. They did not mistreat(S) us, and the whole time we were out in the fields near them nothing was missing. King Davids third wife was Ahinoam of Jezreel. He was shearing his sheep in Carmel. A Feast Fit for a King: Food and Drink in the Abigail Story. In The Fate of King David: The Past and Present of a Biblical Icon, edited by Tod Linafelt, Timothy Beal, and Claudia V. Camp, 3854. Then David moved down into the Desert of Paran. David brought his number of spouses to seven when he later married Bathsheba in Jerusalem, so David had well under the maximum of 18 wives. Sadly, after David danced naked before the Lord, Michal despised him (2 Samuel 6:1416). The higher the vote, the further up an answer is. Copyright 2019 by Zondervan. Who Were the Nephilim Giants of the Bible. 3. (Viewed on May 1, 2023) . All the names for our week days come from Roman and Norse/Anglo-Saxon gods. She was an intelligent and beautiful woman, but her husband was surly and mean in his dealingshe was a Calebite. get to know the Bible better! Ahinoam and Abigail are with David during his stay with King Achish of Gath (1 Sam 27:3), are taken captive when Amalekites raid Ziklag, Davids Philistine base (1 Sam 30:5), and are among those who go with David to Hebron when he becomes king over Judah (2 Sam 2:2). She took two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five dressed sheep, five seahs[b] of roasted grain,(W) a hundred cakes of raisins(X) and two hundred cakes of pressed figs, and loaded them on donkeys. But one of King Davids young men told Abigail what David had planned to do to her husband (v. 14-17). Arthur Niswar. While running a protection racket in the area of Carmel, David asks for provisions for himself and his men but Nabal refuses, so the young warrior prepares for slaughter. Why did Bathsheba agree to marry David, if she suspected David was responsible for Uriah's death? In the city of Jerusalem, Davids eighth wife, Bathsheba, gave him four sons after the death of her first son. Berlin, Adele. Please ensure your answer MEETS all our guidelines. Early Christian CommunionWine or Mingled Wine? He was in high spirits and very drunk. Schearing, Linda. Jewish Women says that in an effort to resolve the conflict, some rabbis argue that Merab didn't marry David until after her first husband died and that Michal didn't marry David until after her sister died. All rights reserved worldwide. Features thousands of biographic and thematic essays on Jewish women around the world. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. Abigail, the wife of Nabal of Carmel, is the only woman in the Hebrew Bible who is described as both intelligent and beautiful. Share 15Yet these men were very good to us. Why do we pray when God already knows what we need? Astle, Cynthia. She was considered by our sages to be among the 4 most beautiful women of Michal the daughter of Saul had no child to the day of her death. His heart then strangely turns to stone and he dies ten days later, struck by the Lord (God) (v. 38). Consequently, she decided to wait until the morning to tell Nabal what King David had planned to do and shared how she had saved him (v. 36-37). David, hearing that she has been widowed, sends for her. 23When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off her donkey and bowed down before David with her face to the ground. The meaning in Hebrew of the word day always means a 24 hour period of time. 2 Samuel 11:1-2 tells us that one evening King David was walking on the roof of his house and saw Bathsheba bathing. Bodi, Daniel, ed. WebAbigail was married at the time to Nabal - a wealthy but cruel man & distant cousin of David's. 22May God deal with David,[c] be it ever so severely,(AE) if by morning I leave alive one male(AF) of all who belong to him!. 1 Samuel 18:27 (NASB). She was a perfect wife. He was a Calebite. "Ahinoam: Bible." "The Many Wives of David in the Bible." Learn Religions, Aug. 26, 2020, learnreligions.com/davids-many-wives-in-bible-117324. Following Abigails marriage to David (1 Sam 25:42), David also marries Ahinoam from Jezreel (v. 43). Read the latest from JWA from your inbox. Rachel Adelman Merab's absence from the Davidic chronology in 1 Chronicles 3 could be explained by the fact that scripture doesn't record any children born to Merab and David. 2 Samuel 5:13-16 and 1 Chronicles 14:3-5 reveal that King David took other wives and concubines. In an attempt to save her husband, she hurried to meet David, urging him to halt his plans. New International Version (NIV). His name was Nabal and his wifes name was Abigail. Meanwhile David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, after he came from Hebron; and more sons and daughters were born to David. Riding a donkey, Abigail was just coming into view of David when she heard him cursing Nabal for his stinginess, and swearing vengeance against all of Nabal's extended family. 2 responses 13David said to his men(O), Each of you strap on your sword! So they did, and David strapped his on as well. Then she told her servants, Go on ahead; Ill follow you. But she did not tell her husband Nabal. . We first encounter Ahinoam in Scripture in 1 Samuel 25:43 immediately after David marries Abigail. From the former (self-styled handmaid; 1 Samuel 25:25) is derived the colloquial use of the word for a waiting woman. "The Many Wives of David in the Bible." Nabal appears to think David's request falls into the latter category, for he sneers at their message. He was, after his father David, the most significant king of all Israel. 8Ask your own servants and they will tell you. And let this gift, which your servant has brought to my lord, be given to the men who follow you. WebDavid was 30 years old when he became king, having just moved from Ziklag (2 Sam 1:1), and settled in Hebron (2 Sam 2:4). Here are guidelines to help facilitate a meaningful learning experience for everyone. The child eventually died (2 Samuel 12:15-23). Then David took more wives at Jerusalem, and David became the father of more sons and daughters. David then praises her good sense and expresses gratitude that she restrained him from bloodshed, uttering an oath to counter the prior violent one (v. 34). Williams cites David and Abigail's common characteristics: both were intelligent, charismatic leaders with good diplomatic and communicating skills, masters of diplomacy who knew how to play situations to their advantage, yet deceptive creatures who could feign victimhood while betraying the trust of others. The name Jezreel means God soweth. . We are told in 1 Samuel 18:20 that Michal loved David. He threatened Israel before Saul was king. Report. She obsequiously prostrates herself, calling David lord and herself maidservant prepared to wash [his] servants feet; though, ironically, she follows the messenger with five maids on donkeys in tow (vv. 1 Samuel 27:3 (NASB). What does it mean, "Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave his life for it"? "Who is this David?" Why did Jesus call people fools and yet condemn others for doing the same thing? As soon as David heard that Nabal had died, he shouted praises to God and immediately sent a proposal of marriage to the wise, beautiful and rich Abigail. 3. About ten days later, the Lord struck Nabal and he died.When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, Praise be to the Lord, who has upheld my cause against Nabal for treating me with contempt. Biography of Moses, Leader of the Abrahamic Religions, The Bible Says 'No' to Talking to the Dead, 13 Thank You Bible Verses to Express Your Appreciation, Bathsheba and David: Biblical Romance and Tragedy, Maachah the daughter of King Talmai of Geshur, that she was really David's favorite wife, that because of her beauty she was nicknamed "Eglah," meaning calf or calf-like, that she died giving birth to David's son Ithream. Astle, Cynthia. What does it mean "the arm of flesh" and why will it fail (2 Chronicles 32:8)? She not only has five women servants of her own, but her husband's male servants also do her bidding, as seen when she sent them out with provisions for David. Web~Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament. Then 1 Chronicles 3:9 adds this, All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister. Christian missionaries have taught people in Papua, New Guinea who had many gods before their conversion to recite the Hebrew Shema announcing only ONE GOD. After David moved his capital to Jerusalem, he married Bathsheba. This may have been divine punishment for despising her husband, since David was the servant of the Lord. 2 Samuel 6:23 (NASB). The Pleasure of Her Text. King Davids eighth wife is Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, and the widow of Uriah the Hittite (2 Samuel 11:3). Considering her name always precedes Abigails name, this strongly suggest David married Ahinoam before he married Abigail. Many servants are breaking away from their masters these days. You may unsubscribe from Bible Gateways emails at any time. She is listed six times by name in scripture. (David has not yet been publicly anointed king). Start for FREE. What does it mean, "Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave his life for it"? And good health to all that is yours! Bach, Alice. Then they waited. Protection in Carmel. In Tanakh Akhshav [The Bible Today], 1923. Where in the Bible Did David Marry Michal? 5 responses 1 Samuel 25:39-42 (NASB). Please give your servants and your son David whatever you can find for them.. WebKing Davids third wife was Ahinoam of Jezreel. She then becomes his wife. 1 Samuel 25:43 (NASB). She then intercepts David to persuade him against fulfilling his violent oath (which the reader only hears retroactively, after she is seen approaching, v. 20). However, these were only some of David's many accomplishments. Help us elevate the voices of Jewish women. And when the Lord your God has brought my lord success, remember your servant., David said to Abigail, Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel, who has sent you today to meet me. In fact, the fear of Nahash is one of the reasons Israel demanded a Fearing that David and his army would take what they wanted by force, Abigail was prompted to act. The name Abigail was also borne by Davids sister (1 Chronicles 2:16), who was the mother of Amasa, commander of the army of Absalom. David had also married Ahinoam of Jezreel, Learn Religions. Wit, Words and a Woman: I Samuel 25. In On Humour and the Comic in the Hebrew Bible, edited by Yehuda Radday and Athalya Brenner, 16368. As Adele Berlin points out: The Abigail story contains no illicit sex, though the opportunity was present; the Bathsheba story revolves around an illicit relationship. Were they the best fighters? She has authored a number of books on faith and religion. 1516). Yet, the penalty for his sin was that the sword will never depart from your house and the child would die (2 Samuel 12:10-15). David then ordered that Uriah be moved to the front-line of a battle, where he was killed. Why do we pray when God already knows what we need? Based on the common practices in David's time, he was committing no sin to take Abigail as his wife, even though he was already married. In fact, we read that he took literally hundreds of wives during his lifetime. He is the Savior of his body, the church"? 37Then in the morning, when Nabal was sober, his wife told him all these things, and his heart failed him and he became like a stone. and more. 2 Samuel 5:13-16 (NASB). When they told Saul, the thing was agreeable to him. Read the latest from JWA from your inbox. Since in ancient Israel widows had no financial support, it may be that King David married Abigail to provide for her financial support. Then the couple could marry. Nahash, a name that means serpent, is shared by possibly as many as four Ammonite individuals.However, it could also be the name of only one king. Ask your own servants and they will tell you. Try Bible Gateway Plus free today. This man was very wealthy;[ a] he owned 3,000 sheep and 1,000 goats. WebSince Ahinoams name usually precedes that of Abigail, it has been suggested that David married Ahinoam before he married Abigail (contrary to 1 Sam 25:4243; see Then David sent word to Abigail, asking her to become his wife. Astle, Cynthia. 3 The mans name was Nabal,[ b] and his wifes name was Abigail. Sign up now for the latest news and deals from Bible Gateway! Last updated (T) 16Night and day they were a wall(U) around us the whole time we were herding our sheep near them. Shields, Mary. While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal wasshearing sheep. For centuries, this "bond of blood" concept -- the idea that rulers feel bound to the kingdoms ruled by their wives' relatives -- was often employed, and just as often violated. Why did this secret disciple risk discovery after Jesus was dead (Luke 23:50-53)? 2. 24:7-26:25). In Samuel and the Deuteronomist: A Literary Study of the Deuteronomic History, Part 2, 1 Samuel, 20515. Now think it over and see what you can do, because disaster is hanging over our master and his whole household. Who Were the Nephilim Giants of the Bible? His wife Abigail inherited Nabal's fortune. However, Abigail's husband is described in scripture as "a hard man and an evildoer," making us wonder why such a paragon of virtue as Abigail would have married him in the first place. When King David heard that Nabal was dead, he sent a proposal to Abigail to become his wife and she agreed. (Psalm 92:4-5). (J), 7Now I hear that it is sheep-shearing time. In short, violence was about to ensue. Is polygamy supported by 1 Corinthians 7:2. Why was Abigail still called "Nabal's wife" even after she married David? The LORD has also returned the evildoing of Nabal on his own head. Then David sent a proposal to Abigail, to take her as his wife. Unlike Michal, whom David leaves behind when fleeing from King Saul (19:1117), Abigail and Ahinoam accompany him to Gath (1 Sam 27:3). 1 Now Samuel died. 3The mans name was Nabal,[b] and his wifes name was Abigail. Good health(I) to you and your household! More likely, she is keenly perceptive about the shifting tides of history. In the Abigail story, David, the potential king, is seen as increasingly strong and virtuous, whereas in the Bathsheba story, the reigning monarch shows his flaws ever more overtly and begins to lose control of his family.. Old Testament Part 7. (AG) 24She fell at his feet and said: Pardon your servant, my lord,(AH) and let me speak to you; hear what your servant has to say. Have an update or correction? According to 1 Samuel 25:4-12, David, in need of supplies, sends 10 men to seek provisions from Nabal. Community answers are sorted based on votes. She has authored a number of books on faith and religion. Bathsheba and David: Biblical Romance and Tragedy, Bathsheba, Mother of Solomon, Wife of King David, David and Goliath Bible Story Study Guide, 8 Mothers in the Bible Who Served God Well, Biography of King Solomon: The Wisest Man Who Ever Lived, Michal and David: Michal Was King David's First Wife. She ends her speech with a hint: when the LORD has dealt well with my lord, then remember your handmaid (2 Sam 25:31). Riza Gano. Nabal then accuses David of disloyalty to Saul by saying, "There are many slaves nowadays who run away from their masters. She got down off her high horse, threw herself to the ground, fell at his feet and pleaded with David. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Rather, the story stands in stark contrast to the Bathsheba episode, when the king takes a woman married to another man (Uriah) while he is serving the king, fighting the Lords battles. And David has him killed on the front in order to cover for the adultery. A total of nineteen sons are named here. Report What was a concubine in the Old Testament era? Modern Persecution of Christians in China, Patriarch Jacobs Well & St. Philoumenous, Slaughter of the Theban Legion C. 286 AD, LapsiChristians Who Lapse/Abandon Their Faith, Evodias Named Followers of Christ Christians. In her paper published online, "David and Abigail: A Non-Traditional View," Williams argues that Abigail actually betrayed her husband Nabal by siding with the outlaw David. Astle, Cynthia. Why did this secret disciple risk discovery after Jesus was dead (Luke 23:50-53)? Then in the morning, when Nabal was sober, his wife told him all these things. 9When Davids men arrived, they gave Nabal this message in Davids name. Yet it's Nabal's rude and intemperate actions that bring Abigail and David together. After enumerating Nabals enormous wealth in flocks (1 Sam 25:2), the narrative introduces her in contrast to him. (BF) 38About ten days later, the Lord struck(BG) Nabal and he died. WebDavid Marries Abigail the Widow of Nabal 2 There was a man in Maon whose business was in Carmel. All the names for our week days come from Roman and Norse/Anglo-Saxon gods. How can it be said that my loved one is now with our Father in heaven when the Bible tells no one sees heaven until the rapture? Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2013. The order of the names may imply that Ahinoam was a preferred wife over Abigail since every time the wives are mentioned in Scripture Ahinoam is listed first (1 Samuel 30:5; 2 Samuel 2:2; 1 Chronicles 3:1). He is also identified as a Calebite, perhaps a rival clan for the Judean monarchy. Upon hearing what she has done, Nabal dies. Some scholars say this reference implies that David was merely seeking a quid pro quo from Nabal, but others argue that David was really trying to extort the ancientIsraelite equivalent of "protection money" from Nabal. Abigail quickly intervenes, sending a feast ahead and greeting David on the way. gain access to 50+ premium resources to enhance your study of Scripture. (BD) So she told(BE) him nothing at all until daybreak. He learns her name and the name of her husband, Uriah, a general in his army. Do you have to repent from all sin to enter heaven? The Lord your God will certainly make a lasting dynasty for my lord, because you fight the Lords battles, and no wrongdoing will be found in you as long as you live. Clarify Report, December 01 2017 We first encounter Ahinoam in Scripture in 1 Samuel 25:43 immediately after David marries Abigail. "Abigail and David - Abigail Was King David's Wisest Wife." Samuel the prophet had just died, and David and his men had traveled down into the Desert of Maon. Nabal answered Davids servants, Who is this David? The answers are provided in 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles. David's Marriages Played Pivotal Roles in His Life, Culture Club / Contributor / Hulton Archive / Getty Images. Is a woman who is married to a Muslim man as his second wife, permitted biblically to stay married to him after she comes to accept Christ? This makes David an outlaw, camping out in the wilderness while trying to build up some following among the people. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. What biblical evidence is there for God allowing polygamy? (AB) He has paid(AC) me back evil(AD) for good. What is the meaning of "peace be unto you" in the Bible? WebAs for him never mentioning Abigail but frequently mentioning Sam when he's married, I think it's because he's closer to Sam than he is to Abigail, and he lost his feelings for Abigail when he started dating you. Share 17:25. 4. 36When Abigail went to Nabal, he was in the house holding a banquet like that of a king. New English Translation (NET). At this point in time Michal belonged to another man. David rose up and went, he and his men, and struck down two hundred men among the Philistines. David and Abigail, by Frans Pourbus the Elder, c. 1570/80, oil on canvas, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria. 5So he sent ten young men and said to them, Go up to Nabal at Carmel and greet him in my name. Then it happened as the ark of the LORD came into the city of David that Michal the daughter of Saul looked out of the window and saw King David leaping and dancing before the LORD; and she despised him in her heart. David had also taken Ahinoam He had a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing in Carmel. And good health to all that is yours! (E) He had a thousand goats and three thousand sheep, which he was shearing(F) in Carmel. Consequently, she was able to save her husbands life (v. 18-35). We must remember that Davids first wife, Michal, did not give birth to any children. 1 Chronicles 3:9 (NASB). She is of good sense and beautiful in looks, while he is hard and evil in his deeds (v. 3). Since Ahinoams name usually precedes Abigails name, it is suggested that David married Ahinoam before he married Abigail, or that the name order signifies Ahinoams status as the mother of Davids firstborn son. Copyright Like The Master Ministries. Pr 20:1; Ecc 10:17; Isa 5:11, 22; 22:13; 28:7; 56:12; Hos 4:11, Dt 32:35; 1Sa 24:12; 26:10; 2Sa 6:7; 12:15, NIV, Biblical Theology Study Bible, Comfort Print: Follow Gods Redemptive Plan as It Unfolds throughout Scripture, NIV, The Story: The Bible as One Continuing Story of God and His People, NIV, Story of Jesus: Experience the Life of Jesus as One Seamless Story, NIV, Lucado Encouraging Word Bible, Comfort Print: Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV, The Woman's Study Bible, Full-Color, Red Letter: Receiving God's Truth for Balance, Hope, and Transformation, NIV, Beautiful Word Bible Journal, Revelation, Paperback, Comfort Print. Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament. (H), 4While David was in the wilderness, he heard that Nabal was shearing sheep. This source names seven wives: David was married to Ahinoam, Abigail, Maacha, Haggith, Abital, and Eglah during the 7-1/2 years he reigned in Hebron as king of Judah. Does 2 Samuel 12:8 mean God approved of Davids polygamy? (Judges 7:7). Saul demanded that David give him one hundred foreskins as proof that he had killed so many Philistines. She further portends that God will establish a sure house for David (v. 28), foreshadowing Nathans prophecy of an everlasting dynasty for the king (2 Samuel 7). The meaning of her own name then takes on new resonance, meaning my fathers joy or my father rejoices, from the Hebrew rootg-y-lto rejoice. Yet the son, Chileab, never becomes a contender for the throne and, beyond this episode, Abigail plays no role in the court history.
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