Both are in very good condition; one does show a very slight chipping of finish at the feet. Hubley "Aunt Jemima" doorstop, cast iron, 'Tommy Brock', 'Amiable Guinea-Pig', 'Squirrel, 'Mr Benjamin Bunny and Peter Rabbit', 'Mr, Collection of Fifty Seven boxed and Thirteen, Beswick Beatrix Potter Figures Jemima Puddle. - Label Made Me Buy It : From Aunt Jemima to Zonkers--The Best Dres. Before he saw it, segregation was only a story in a book. Bases marked F&F Mold and Dye Works. Invented in 1888 to help market a new type of pancake flour, Aunt Jemima has been represented by a good number of real women and a tremendous number of collectible products. See more ideas about aunt jemima, aunt jemima cookie jar, cookie jars vintage. We need to put all this stuff behind us.. Price + Shipping: highest first; Lowest Price; Highest Price; Distance: nearest first; Gallery View; Customize; 2 results for aunt jemima collectibles. 12 watchers grannypandnannyb (731) 100%. 10% off 3+. (7) PC. Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them. (68) $75.00. WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9 Please try again. Condition, An Italian glazed earthenware tea set Including. Set of 4 1940's Aunt Jemima black cloth Dolls, AUNT JEMIMA DOORSTOP Littco Products wedge, Older cloth doll lot, 9 to 15 inches, 1 Aunt, Lot of 2: Cardboard Signs. Want to know more? ANTIQUE AUNT JEMIMA CAST IRON PIGGY BANK: Large Estate Collection of Black Americana: RETRO CERAMIC COOKIE JAR OF AUNT JEMIMA Formed, AUNT JEMIMA PAINTED CAST IRON FIGURE h:15.75. And rarer and larger pieces can command thousands of dollars. Excellent condition! Aunt Jemima, Uncle Ben, and Rastus: Blacks in Advertising, Yesterday, Today, Slave in a Box: The Strange Career of Aunt Jemima the Strange Career of Aunt Aunt Jemima, Uncle Ben, and Rastus: Blacks in Advertising, Yesterday, Today, a.. vtg syrup glass bottle Mrs.Butterworths collectible 1975 10free shipping, Racism in American Popular Media: From Aunt Jemima to the Frito Bandito by Brian, Vintage Aunt Mrs Butterworth Amber Glass Syrup Bottles 11.5 Plastic Cap 1998, The Myth of Aunt Jemima: White Women Representing Black Women by Diane Roberts, Morning to Midnight Cook Book - 340 Unexpected Treats from Aunt Jemima - 1969, Vintage BEATRIX POTTER Beswick England "Jemima Puddleduck" Porcelain Figurine, VINTAGE MORNING TO MIDNIGHT COOKBOOK 340 UNEXPECTED TREATS FROM AUNT JEMIMA, - VINTAGE MORNING TO MIDNIGHT COOKBOOK 340 UNEXPECTED TREATS FROM AUNT JEMIMA, Mrs Butterworth's Vintage Amber Glass Syrup Bottle, 1985, Original, 3 Vintage Aunt Mrs Butterworth amber Glass Syrup Bottles, Vintage Aunt Mrs Butterworth Amber Glass Syrup Bottles 11.5 Plastic Cap 1994, VINTAGE AUNT MRS. BUTTERWORTH AMBER GLASS SYRUP BOTTLE-LARGE 11", John Troy McQueen Story of Aunt Jemima (Paperback), Border Fine Arts Beatrix Potter Storybook Figures Boxed, Cap'n Crunch Aunt Berrytastic Pancake Mix & Ocean Blue Maple Syrup. Turning off the personalized advertising setting wont stop you from seeing Etsy ads or impact Etsy's own personalization technologies, but it may make the ads you see less relevant or more repetitive. Glass Sculptures & Figurines Water Bottles Price ($) Any price Under $25 $25 to $100 . Learn more. A few examples of appraisal values for AUNT JEMIMA FIGURES Search our price guide for your own treasures Painted Cast Iron Boot Scrape American, latePainted Cast Iron Boot Scrape American, late 19th/early 20th century, with Aunt Jemima figure standing with arms akimbo over tr; 369. : Has an assortment of pancake trivia. Description, Cardboard Aunt Jemima Pancake Trolley Car, CAST IRON BANKS Twelve pieces include Aunt, Uncle Mose & Aunt Jemima Salt & Pepper Set, Aunt Jemima Ceramic Collector Tea Pot - Individual, Cast Iron Aunt Jemima Wall Mounted Note Pad, RETRO CERAMIC COOKIE JAR OF AUNT JEMIMA Formed, AUNT JEMIMA PAINTED CAST IRON FIGURE h:15.75, Lot. View cart for details. Quaker Oats took another step into the 90s when it hired singer Gladys Knight to give a hipper look to the companys pitch for pancakes and syrup. Her 20-year-old nephew, for instance, was shocked when he saw a Whites Only sign in her collection. . Try using a different browser or disabling ad blockers. CAST IRON AUNT JEMIMA DOORSTOP. , Paperback The company claims she isnt the new Aunt Jemima, but Goings says the implication is apparent. Publisher WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9, The MAD Archives Vol. Made by: F&F (Fiedler and Fiedler Mold and Dieworks) Material: Hard Plastic. Figurines & Knick Knacks . . Some of these items ship sooner than the others. Description. Collectible Aunt Jemima: Handbook and Value Guide (A Schiffer Book for Collectors). We work hard to protect your security and privacy. . Price $ to $ Similar Searches. Circa 1950s-1960s. $ 2.95 Original Price $2.95 (10% off) Bidding ends on Wednesday, May 20, 2020 starting at 5 PM. Sold. Something went wrong. Jean Turner is a collector and dealer in Black Memorabilia from Hinsdale, Massachusetts. Early items often used strong primary colors and depicted blacks with distorted faces and in roles that ranged from buffoon to servant. Has an assortment of pancake trivia. Aunt Jemima Cast Iron Door Stop Aunt Jemima, Lot of 2: Hubley Pieces. ANTIQUE AUNT JEMIMA CAST IRON PIGGY BANK: Set of 4 1940's Aunt Jemima black cloth Dolls, AUNT JEMIMA DOORSTOP Littco Products wedge, Older cloth doll lot, 9 to 15 inches, 1 Aunt, Lot of 2: Cardboard Signs. Lot of 4: Uncut Cloth Black Americana Dolls. Lot # : 198 - Antique Hubley Cast Iron Aunt Jemima Figurine 12". Description. To see our price, add these items to your cart. Wear to dress as shown in photo. Tuesday, May 12, 2020 from 4 to 6 PM and by appointment. Lot includes Hubley Aunt Jemima with basket (aluminum) and original key, A.C. Williams Mammy with Spoon bank, and Hubley Mammy. 20. This is an internet only auction. Many of the companies that used these derogatory trademarks and images abandoned them long ago. Description, Plastic Aunt Jemima Cookie Jar. Thirty wood puzzle blocks with paper label graphics on each of the six sides forming six, Antique Vintage Aunt Jemima Cast Iron Doorstop Coin Bank, old paint. Sold. A price guide is included. Jemima Puddle-Duck Meets The Foxy-Whiskered Gent. Each is approx 3" x 2" x 5 1/2 and together they, Collection of 13 original vintage objects of black memorabilia. Aunt Jemima Cookie Jar. We must continually search for an understanding of the totality of the memorabilia, which means an understanding of both the positive and the negative images, Kianga says, quoting the associations policy statement. Jemima Puddle-duck Arch Figurine, Beatrix Potter Alphabet Letters By Border Fine Arts Figurine Ornament FULL RANGE, Aunt Phil's Trunk Vol. The complete story of Aunt Jemima's Pancake Mix, the myth of Aunt Jemima herself, and the stories of the real women who portrayed her are all told in this delightful book. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. New image or not, Goings still has trouble with the concept of Aunt Jemima. See more ideas about aunt jemima, aunt jemima cookie jar, cookie jars vintage. AUNT JEMIMA KITCHEN ITEMSTo include: 369. Car & Truck Safety & Security Accessories, WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9, Vintage Beswick Beatrix Potter Figurine Jemima Puddleduck Gold Backstamp, VTG Beswick Beatrix Potter's Jemima Puddleduck Porcelain Figurine 1948 MINT, 1993 Royal Albert JEMIMA PUDDLEDUCK 6" Figurine Signed 1995 by Michael Doulton, B Potter Beswick England F. Warne JEMIMA -CECILY- SALLY HENNY -COTTONTAIL LOT B, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddle duck Porcelain Figurine England 1948 B1, Beatrix Potter's "Jemima Puddleduck" Figurine - Beswick, England Royal Doulton, Beswick Jemima and her ducklings Beatrix Potter Royal Doulton 98 Puddleduck HTF, Beatrix Potter JEMIMA AND HER DUCKLINGS Figurine Beswick BP10a Doulton MINT, Vintage Beatrix Potters Jemima Puddleduck Beswick England, Royal Doulton BEATRIX POTTER Jemima Puddle Duck 1948 John Beswick, Vintage Royal Albert Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine, Vintage Beatrix Potter's Jemima Puddleduck F. Warne & Co 1948, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddle Duck Made A Feather Nest Royal Albert BP6a, ROYAL ALBERT BEATRIX POTTER JEMIMA PUDDLEDUCK FIGURINE, Royal Doulton Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck - Royal Albert, England, Vintage, BEATRIX POTTER'S JEMIMA PUDDLEDUCK - 1948 - EXCELLENT CONDITION, Royal Albert, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine 1989 England, Beswick Beatrix Potter's Jemima Puddleduck Porcelain Figurine Copyright 1948, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine Frederick Warne & Co 1948 Beswick Eng, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine Beswick England 1948, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine Beswick England F. Warne & Co. 1948, Beatrix Potter Beswick Jemima Puddle Duck BP9b Royal Doulton 1997 Gold Script. The Dallas Morning News also contributed to this report. However, to deny the existence of the negative images is akin to denying the existence of slavery.. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. or Best Offer +$9.35 shipping. The cap measures 11.5 inches long. and pepper shakers, black americana figurines, black americana salt and pepper, black americana tea towels, and even aunt jemima. Vintage "Hooray! The ad, which began running late last month, features Knight at a kitchen table over breakfast with her five grandchildren. Bond sells an updated version with an African-American girl wearing dreadlocks on one side and an African girl with full head wrap and kente cloth dress on the other. Looks like pressed composition and painted over top. Pair of. Turning off personalized advertising opts you out of these sales. Learn more in our Privacy Policy., Help Center, and Cookies & Similar Technologies Policy. No thanks. Black memorabilia from seemingly innocent Mammy cookie jars to illustrations of black children depicted as alligator bait has become big business. : Number of bids and bid amounts may be slightly out of date. The companies say these images have survived because they portray blacks doing honorable jobs. Description Great die-cut, Lot of 4: Aunt Jemima Dolls. Pre-Owned. Since 2002, LiveAuctioneers has made exceptional items available for safe purchase in secure online auctions. $ 2.95 Original Price $2.95 (10% off) . , Dimensions Plastic Cube Black Americana Dexterity Toy Black Collectable Treasures $35.00. Car & Truck Safety & Security Accessories, WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9, Vintage Beswick Beatrix Potter Figurine Jemima Puddleduck Gold Backstamp, Beatrix Potter's Aunt Pettitoes Figurine Beswick England 1970, Beswick Beatrix Potters Figurine 1970 Aunt Pettitoes. Public collections can be seen by the public, including other shoppers, and may show up in recommendations and other places. Take full advantage of our site features by enabling JavaScript. The Black Memorabilia Collectors Association boasts more than 400 members, who collect everything from elegant Lladro black figurines to fat Aunt Jemimas. ANTIQUE AUNT JEMIMA CAST IRON PIGGY BANK: BLACK AMERICANA: Seven "Aunt Jemima & Uncle. Captcha failed to load. Copyright 1995-2023 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. The complete story of Aunt Jemima's Pancake Mix, the myth of Aunt Jemima herself, and the stories of the real women who portrayed her are all told in this delightful book. Opens in a new window or tab. There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. Piccaninny Floor Polish Tin Black Collectable Treasures $225.00. Please refer to images for additional information regarding condition issues, please remember all items are sold in as. . Goings started collecting black memorabilia about eight years ago when a friend gave him Aunt Jemima and Uncle Mose salt and pepper shakers. Aunt Jemimas handkerchief, for instance, recently has given way to a modern hairdo with a touch of gray to make her look like a kindly grandmother. Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. Keep collections to yourself or inspire other shoppers! Enter maximum price Shipping Free shipping. FREE shipping. Was released by the Quaker Oats Company. Seven Pieces of Figural Black AmericanaA369.Seven Pieces of Figural Black AmericanaA collection of seven pieces . View Etsys Privacy Policy. 1948 Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Porcelain Beswick England Duck Figurine, Royal Albert Jemima Puddleduck Figurine Beatrix Potter Vintage 1989 England, Beatrix Potter Jemima Puddleduck Figurine - Royal Albert - BP6a. They were physical representations of the kinds of attitudes that many Americans had about African-Americans. Please try again. Top subscription boxes right to your door, 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates, Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. Sambo Axle Grease Tin Black Collectable Treasures $365.00. All bidding activity will take place online. Since then, he has collected more than 500 pieces of memorabilia dating to the Civil War and has written a book, Mammy and Uncle Mose: Black Collectibles and American Stereotypes (Indiana University Press, $35 hardback; $22.50 paperback). This item WILL fit in a flat rate envelope. In fact, interest by both African-Americans and whites during the past decade has raised the value of the controversial stuff to the point where its hard to find and expensive to obtain. Aunt Jemima Cast Iron Door Stop Aunt Jemima, Lot of 2: Hubley Pieces. Hand-Painted Tin Aunt Jemima Wind-Up Toy. There are 10 aunt jemima figurine for sale on Etsy, and they cost $75.96 on average. - Some wear on paint - as shown in pictures. WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9. Follow authors to get new release updates, plus improved recommendations. Size: 12". It happened in my lifetime.. 1960's AUNT JEMIMA SYRUP bottle, Mrs Butterworth brown glass figural ,metal lid, vintage breakfast glass bottle kitchen decor, great size. Great! Etsys 100% renewable electricity commitment includes the electricity used by the data centers that host Etsy.com, the Sell on Etsy app, and the Etsy app, as well as the electricity that powers Etsys global offices and employees working remotely from home in the US. . Still, some African-Americans believe that by owning these artifacts and taking control of the images, they can defuse the objects power to make people feel inferior. . The problem, he says, is this was the only way black women were portrayed. Includes initial monthly payment and selected options. Created by whites, the items included functional household goods such as cookie jars, metal banks, spoon holders and other kitchen items. THESE COLLECTIBLES ARE VALUABLE _ AND TROUBLING, Widening manhunt for Texas gunman who killed five neighbors slowed by zero leads, Golden Beach police sergeant in stable condition after shooting during chase of car-theft suspects, Skies clear in South Florida as residents clean up from 130-mph tornado in Palm Beach County, Mike Shannon, who spent 50 years in the St. Louis Cardinals broadcast booth after winning 2 World Series, dies at 83. Please try your request again later. Aunt Jemima and Uncle Mose Advertising Dolls: Littco cast iron Aunt Jemima doorstop: Littco. many more examples with full details are available to our members - Learn more, Search our price guide for your own treasures, Painted Cast Iron Boot Scrape American, late, 369. Opens in a new window or tab. Description Includes, (6) PC. There was a problem loading your book clubs. This page was last updated: 01-May 00:03. Aunt Jemima/Mrs. 2017. This item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt. Enesco. Aunt Jemima cloth dolls. Aunt Jemima Hard Plastic. Measures over 3 inches tall and well made. , ISBN-10 Lot includes Hubley Aunt Jemima with basket (aluminum) and original key, A.C. Williams Mammy with Spoon bank, and Hubley Mammy. Check out our aunt jemima figurine selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. Download the free Kindle app and start reading Kindle books instantly on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Wonderful souvenir. 5"H. Photos are considered part of description and condition. Aunt Jemima's familiar beaming, warm smile and laughing eyes have been associated with breakfast pancakes for generations of Americans. Sorry, there was a problem loading this page. Vintage BESWICK Beatrix Potter's JEMIMA PUDDLEDUCK Figurine, BP 3B EUC, The World of Beatrix Potter JEMIMA PUDDLE-DUCK 268674 Figurine, PETER RABBIT, BEATRIX POTTER'S "Jemima Puddleduck" Porcelain Figurine ~ 1948 Beswick England. Certain models like Admiral, Philco, Zenith, and Nocturne are the most valuable. Set where you live, what language you speak, and the currency you use. GARFIELD COLLECTION 39 CD COLLECTION Sims Complete Collection avon collectible cars bette davis collection AUNT JEMIMA KITCHEN ITEMSTo include: 369. $6.29. Try reloading. Aunt Jemima's familiar beaming, warm smile and laughing eyes have been associated with breakfast pancakes for generations of Americans. Add to Favorites Lot of 4 Collection Vintage African American Family Caroling Figurine T-7 '' A-42 5 out of 5 stars (160) Sale Price $51.45 $ 51.45 . 4 Archive Editions2012 Hardcover COLLECTORS RAREST, - The MAD Archives Vol. many more examples with full details are available to our members - Learn more, Search our price guide for your own treasures. Those partners may have their own information theyve collected about you. A, Aunt Jemima Mask. We've sent you an email to confirm your subscription. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! Invented in 1888 to help market a new type of pancake flour, Aunt Jemima has been represented by a good number of real women and a tremendous number of collectible products. Author: Jean Williams Turner. Whites saw them as cute; blacks saw them as demeaning. Etsy is powered by 100% renewable electricity. Sale Price: $ 14.95. Collectors interested in kitchen memorabilia and/or African-American history will find this book wonderfully eye-opening! Aunt Jemima and Uncle Mose Advertising Dolls: Littco cast iron Aunt Jemima doorstop: Littco. Click to add notes. For more recent exchange rates, please use the. Typically, rare antique and vintage radios pull five figures and have an estimated value of $30,000 - $50,000 on Sotheby's. However, common models are cheaper and would fetch five four figures, which is still a lot of money. Vintage Royal Albert Jemima Puddleduck Beatrix Potter Figurine c.1989 Free Ship! Discover more of the authors books, see similar authors, read author blogs and more. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. Black memorabilia also includes segregation signs that once restricted drinking fountains, restaurant service and apartment rentals. New York: McLoughlin Bros. Publishers, ca. Shakers stand about 4 inches, 'The Mississippi' steamboat metal rack measures 4 x. Vintage Aunt Jemima cast iron coin bank. Using your mobile phone camera - scan the code below and download the Kindle app. Description Includes, Cast Iron Aunt Jemima Doorstop. Send me exclusive offers, unique gift ideas, and personalized tips for shopping and selling on Etsy. Hand-Painted Tin Aunt Jemima Wind-Up Toy. Look inside! Peter Rabbit JEMIMA PUDDLEDUCK with Ducklings Resin Figurine! Aunt Jemima was popularized by Quaker Oats, trademarked in 1893 after being inspired by the 1875 Vaudeville song Old Aunt Jemima Its a collectible! American, Lot of 2: Cast Iron African American Still, Painted Cast Iron Boot Scrape American, late, Cast Iron Aunt Jemima Mammy with Spoon Still, Metal Aunt Jemima Electrified Sign. . Great buy for any collection of black memorabilia. Mammy cookie jars can cost $500. Mar 13, 2013 - Explore Edna McNellis's board "Aunt Jemima Collectables" on Pinterest. : A price guide is included. Older cloth doll lot, 9 to 15 inches, 1 Aunt Older cloth doll lot, 9 to 15 inches, 1 Aunt Jemima baby, Goldilocks, and 2 golliwogs All in good condition Estimate $50-175. Opens in a new window or tab. This book displays hundred of the item available from Aunt Jemima's long history, and provides fascinating or funny glimpses into over a century of our nation's cultural history. Aunt Jemina is depicted as an overweight servant who is smiling to show shes happy in her station. No thanks.. Only gave it one star because that's the minimum amount allowed per review After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. Collectible Aunt Jemima Handbook & Value Guide by: Jean Williams Turner, Black Collectibles: Mammy and Her Friends by: Jackie Young, More Black Memorabilia by: Jan Lindenberger, African-Americana (Collectors Guide) by: Barbara Mauzy, Black Memorabilia for the Kitchen, 4th Ed by: Jan Lindenberger, Black Memorabilia Around the House by: Jan Lindenberger, Images in Black: 150 Years of Black Collectibles, 2nd Ed by: Douglas Congdon-Martin, Collecting Golliwoggs: Teddy Bear's Best Friends by: Dee Hockenberry. Binding: Soft Cover. Some worn faces, Paprika is cracked, nice lot, This is for a pair of Vintage Aunt Jemima and Uncle Moses Salt & Pepper Shakers by F&F Mold & Die Works and made in Dayton Ohio. It didnt hit home until he saw the sign. C $14.97. Sale Price $331.50 $ 331.50 $ 390.00 Original Price $390.00 . Uh oh, something went wrong. Is approx 17" Vintage Aunt Jemima Community Pancake Days Paper Place mat Mentions Aunt Jemima at Disneyland, Vintage Aunt Jemima Disneyland Community Pancake Days Place mat. It talks about the History of Aunt Jemima and has the address to mail away for 61 exciting ways to enjoy Aunt Jemima's Pancake Mi, [Black Americana] Aunt Louisa’s Cube Puzzles. grannypandnannyb (731) 100%. Description Includes, (6) PC. Eligible for Return, Refund or Replacement within 30 days of receipt. Our Price: $14.95. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. Each measures 4" H x 2" DIA. Description. WADE WHIMSIES FIGURINE England whimsy sculpture Aunt Jemima Puddle DUCK m9. So does Oprah Winfrey and Whoopi Goldberg. Seven Pieces of Figural Black Americana Reviewed in the United States on December 29, 2016. Condition, Large Lot of Black Memorabilia. Monday, March 30, 2020 through Wednesday, May 20, 2020. AUNT JEMIMA RED PLASTIC SPICE SETRed, Six cast iron still banks, to include Aunt, "Aunt Jemima" Black Americana Ceramic Cookie. , ISBN-13 Vintage Cast Iron FOLK ART Black Americana” aunt / servant /maid woman, Piggy Bank Ht. Seven Pieces of Figural Black AmericanaA, Aunt Jemima Mask. We specialize in price guides and reference books for the antiques and collectibles industry. Description Includes, Cast Iron Aunt Jemima Doorstop. (2) Black dolls - 11 1/2" SFBJ 301 with. (7) PC. : Complete. $ 24.00 Original Price $24.00 (10% off) FREE shipping Add to Favorites Aunt Jemima Shirt PUBLIC DOMAIN 2016-01-15 Trademark Cancelled Sec. Each is approx 3" x 2" x 5 1/2 and together, This is for a pair of Vintage Aunt Jemima and Uncle Moses Salt & Pepper Shakers by F&F Mold & Die Works and made in Dayton Ohio. Median Sale Price Unlock Sale Price Range Unlock. Sharon Banks Hart, vice president and treasurer of the Black Memorabilia Collectors Association in the Bronx, N.Y., believes these items can be used to teach young blacks about the indignities their ancestors suffered.
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